{"id":3231,"date":"2023-04-01T11:35:03","date_gmt":"2023-04-01T03:35:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/192.168.31.200\/?p=3231"},"modified":"2023-04-01T11:35:06","modified_gmt":"2023-04-01T03:35:06","slug":"chatgpt%e5%af%b9%e8%af%9dr%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/g1n29wqq.ipyingshe.net:5347\/?p=3231","title":{"rendered":"ChatGpt\u5bf9\u8bddR\u8bed\u8a00"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>[TOC]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"r%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E4%BB%8B%E7%BB%8D\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>*** \u6211\u4e0eBing chatGPT\u5173\u4e8eR\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd ***<br>Bing chatGPT\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u90fd\u5f88\u7b80\u6d01\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\u3002\u4e0d\u59a8\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<br><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/zh-hans\/R%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80\">1 R\u8bed\u8a00 &#8211; \u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u767e\u79d1\u5168\u4e66<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/r\/r-tutorial.html\">2 R \u8bed\u8a00\u6559\u7a0b | \u83dc\u9e1f\u6559\u7a0b<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/xhmico\/article\/details\/122443660\">3 R\u8bed\u8a00\u5b89\u88c5\u6559\u7a0b<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.r-project.org\/\">4 R: The R Project for Statistical Computing<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.r-project.org\/about.html\">5 R: What is R? &#8211; r-project.org<\/a><br>\u4f60\u597d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5fc5\u5e94\u3002\u6211\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u4f60\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0bR\u8bed\u8a00\u3002R\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u3001\u7ed8\u56fe\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6316\u6398\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u73af\u5883<a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3cschool.cn\/r\/r_switch_statement.html\">^1^<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yiibai.com\/r\/r_switch_statement.html\">^2^<\/a>\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u514d\u8d39\u3001\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u79cd\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/r\/r-basic-syntax.html\">^3^<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/180119895\">^4^<\/a>\u3002R\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eS\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\uff0cS\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u8d1d\u5c14\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bed\u8a00<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/180119895\">^4^<\/a>\u3002R\u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7528\u6237\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u5305\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u5e94\u7528<a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3cschool.cn\/r\/r_switch_statement.html\">^1^<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u3001\u7ed8\u56fe\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6316\u6398\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0cR\u8bed\u8a00\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u521d\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u60f3\u4e86\u89e3\u901a\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\uff0cR\u8bed\u8a00\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651Python\u3001C\u6216Java\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yiibai.com\/r\/r_switch_statement.html\">^2^<\/a>\u3002R\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u578b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6267\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u6bd4\u7f16\u8bd1\u578b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6162\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u4e0d\u5229\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316<a href=\"https:\/\/www.yiibai.com\/r\/r_switch_statement.html\">^2^<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u4f7f\u7528R\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5b89\u88c5R\u8f6f\u4ef6<a href=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/r\/r-basic-syntax.html\">^3^<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/180119895\">^4^<\/a>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528R\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u96c6\u6210\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\uff08IDE\uff09\u6765\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u8fd0\u884cR\u4ee3\u7801<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jianshu.com\/p\/d6651c80e286\">^5^<\/a>\u3002\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eceCRAN\uff08Comprehensive R Archive Network\uff09\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u548c\u5b89\u88c5R\u6269\u5c55\u5305<a href=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/r\/r-basic-syntax.html\">^3^<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/180119895\">^4^<\/a>\uff0c\u6765\u589e\u52a0R\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u5bf9\u4f60\u6709\u7528\u3002?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"r%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E8%AF%AD%E6%B3%95\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8d4b\u503c\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1aR\u8bed\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u7b26\u53f7\u201c&lt;-\u201d\u6216\u201c=\u201d\u6765\u7ed9\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 x &lt;- 10 \u6216 y = &#8220;Hello&#8221;\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6ce8\u91ca\uff1aR\u8bed\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u7b26\u53f7\u201c#\u201d\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u6ce8\u91ca\u662f\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 # \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ce8\u91ca\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8f93\u51fa\uff1aR\u8bed\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570 print() \u6765\u8f93\u51fa\u503c\u6216\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 print(&#8220;R\u8bed\u8a00&#8221;) \u6216 print(2+3)\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff1aR\u8bed\u8a00\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u6570\u503c\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u3001\u590d\u6570\u3001\u56e0\u5b50\u3001\u5411\u91cf\u3001\u77e9\u9635\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u5217\u8868\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff1aR\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u6307\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u5982\u5411\u91cf\u662f\u4e00\u7ef4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u77e9\u9635\u662f\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u591a\u7ef4\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5217\u8868\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6846\u662f\u6df7\u5408\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff1aR\u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u5982\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08+ &#8211;&nbsp;<em>\/ ^ %% %\/%\uff09\u3001\u5173\u7cfb\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08&lt; &gt; == != &lt;= &gt;=\uff09\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08! &amp; | xor\uff09\u3001\u8d4b\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08&lt;- = -&gt; -&gt;&gt; &lt;&lt;-\uff09\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08: %in% %<\/em>%\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1aR\u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u7a0b\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5982\u6761\u4ef6\u8bed\u53e5\uff08if else ifelse switch\uff09\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5\uff08for while repeat break next\uff09\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\uff08function\uff09\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\uff08try catch finally\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7f51\u7ad9\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8eR\u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jianshu.com\/p\/d6651c80e286\">^1^<\/a>&nbsp;R\u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5 &#8211; \u7b80\u4e66<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.runoob.com\/r\/r-basic-syntax.html\">^2^<\/a>&nbsp;R \u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5 | \u83dc\u9e1f\u6559\u7a0b<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/180119895\">^3^<\/a>&nbsp;R\u8bed\u8a00\u5b9e\u6218\u4e4bR\u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\u7cbe\u8bb2\uff08\u4e00\uff09 &#8211; \u77e5\u4e4e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"r%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%B8%B8%E7%94%A8%E5%87%BD%E6%95%B0%E6%9C%89%E5%93%AA%E4%BA%9B\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6570\u5b66\u51fd\u6570\uff1a\u5982 abs() \u6c42\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\uff0c sqrt() \u6c42\u5e73\u65b9\u6839\uff0c log() \u6c42\u5bf9\u6570\uff0c sin() \u6c42\u6b63\u5f26\uff0c cos() \u6c42\u4f59\u5f26\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7edf\u8ba1\u51fd\u6570\uff1a\u5982 mean() \u6c42\u5747\u503c\uff0c sd() \u6c42\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\uff0c var() \u6c42\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c median() \u6c42\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\uff0c max() \u6c42\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c min() \u6c42\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6982\u7387\u51fd\u6570\uff1a\u5982 dnorm() \u6c42\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u5bc6\u5ea6\u51fd\u6570\uff0c pnorm() \u6c42\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u51fd\u6570\uff0c qnorm() \u6c42\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u51fd\u6570\uff0c rnorm() \u751f\u6210\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6570\u7b49\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6982\u7387\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u662f [x][function]\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d x \u8868\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u5982 norm \u8868\u793a\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\uff0c function \u8868\u793a\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982 d \u8868\u793a\u5bc6\u5ea6\u51fd\u6570\uff0c p \u8868\u793a\u5206\u5e03\u51fd\u6570\uff0c q \u8868\u793a\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u51fd\u6570\uff0c r \u8868\u793a\u968f\u673a\u6570\u51fd\u6570\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5b57\u7b26\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\uff1a\u5982 paste() \u8fde\u63a5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c substr() \u63d0\u53d6\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff0c nchar() \u8ba1\u7b97\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c toupper() \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5927\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\uff0c tolower() \u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5c0f\u5199\u5b57\u6bcd\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5176\u4ed6\u51fd\u6570\uff1a\u5982 length() \u8ba1\u7b97\u5bf9\u8c61\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c dim() \u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c class() \u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c summary() \u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61\u6458\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c help() \u83b7\u53d6\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863\u7b49\u3002<br>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7f51\u7ad9\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8eR\u8bed\u8a00\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>1&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/wzgl__wh\/article\/details\/61499027\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u603b\u7ed3\u5927\u5168_r\u8bed\u8a00\u51fd\u6570\u5927\u5168\u53ca\u8be6\u89e3_\u738b\u4ea8\u7684\u535a\u5ba2-CSDN\u535a\u5ba2<\/a><br>2&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/25881385\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6c47\u603b &#8211; \u77e5\u4e4e<\/a><br>3&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jianshu.com\/p\/6c2a4150678d\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u6574\u7406\uff08\u57fa\u7840\u7bc7\uff09 &#8211; \u7b80\u4e66<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"r%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u591a\u4e2a\u503c\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002 R\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u901a\u5e38\u6309\u5176\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff081D\u30012D\u6216nD\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u540c\u8d28\u7684\uff08\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\u8fd8\u662f\u5f02\u8d28\u7684\uff08\u5143\u7d20\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff09\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3002 \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5305\u62ec\u5411\u91cf\u3001\u77e9\u9635\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u5217\u8868\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6846\u548c\u56e0\u5b50\u7b4912\u3002 \u5411\u91cf\u662f\u7531\u76f8\u540c\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e00\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u77e9\u9635\u662f\u7531\u76f8\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec412\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E5%90%91%E9%87%8F\">\u5411\u91cf<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528c()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u5411\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u75311\u30012\u30013\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>vector1 &lt;-c(1,2,3)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[]\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u5411\u91cfvector1\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c2\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>vector1&#91;2]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E7%9F%A9%E9%98%B5\">\u77e9\u9635<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528matrix()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u77e9\u9635\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u75311\u30012\u30013\u548c4\u30015\u30016\u7ec4\u6210\u76842&#215;3\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>matrix1 &lt;- matrix(c(1,2,3,4,5,6), nrow =2)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[]\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u77e9\u9635matrix1\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c1\u884c\u7b2c2\u5217\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>matrix1&#91;1,2]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E6%95%B0%E7%BB%84%E5%92%8C%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8\">\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u5217\u8868<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u5217\u8868\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5217\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e00\u7ef4\u6216\u591a\u7ef4\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u678412\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E6%95%B0%E7%BB%84\">\u6570\u7ec4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528array()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u75311\u30012\u30013\u548c4\u30015\u30016\u7ec4\u6210\u76842x3x1\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>array1 &lt;- array(c(1,2,3,4,5,6),dim=c(2,3,1))<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[]\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4array1\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c1\u884c\u7b2c2\u5217\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>array1&#91;1,2,1]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8\">\u5217\u8868<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528list()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5411\u91cfvector1\u548c\u77e9\u9635matrix1\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>list1 &lt;-list(vector1, matrix1)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[]\u6216\u53cc\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[[]]\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u5217\u8868list1\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c1\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>list1&#91;&#91;1]]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%A1%86\">\u6570\u636e\u6846<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6846\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u7840\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eExcel\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u683c\u5f62\u5f0f\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6570\u636e\u6846\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7684\u8868\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u6570\u503c\u578b\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u578b\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5217\u540d\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u90fd\u662f\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528data.frame()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u6846\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542bsite\u3001season\u548cpH\u4e09\u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6846\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>df &lt;- data.frame(site =c(\"A\",\"B\",\"C\"), season =c(\"spring\",\"summer\",\"fall\"), pH =c(7.2,6.8,7.1))<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[]\u6216\u53cc\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[[]]\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u6846\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u6846df\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c1\u884c\u7b2c2\u5217\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>df&#91;1,2]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90\">\u56e0\u5b50<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u56e0\u5b50\uff08factor\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u6027\u522b\u6709\u7537\u548c\u5973\u4e24\u4e2a\u7c7b\u522b\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5e74\u9f84\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4eba\u5206\u4e3a\u672a\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u548c\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\uff0c\u8003\u8bd5\u6210\u7ee9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4f18\u3001\u826f\u3001\u4e2d\u3001\u5dee\u7b49\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528factor()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u56e0\u5b50\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u6027\u522b\u548c\u5e74\u9f84\u4e24\u5217\u7684\u56e0\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>sex &lt;- factor(c(&#8220;\u7537&#8221;, &#8220;\u5973&#8221;, &#8220;\u7537&#8221;, &#8220;\u5973&#8221;), levels = c(&#8220;\u7537&#8221;, &#8220;\u5973&#8221;)) age &lt;- factor(c(&#8220;&lt;18&#8221;, &#8220;&gt;=18&#8221;, &#8220;&lt;18&#8221;, &#8220;&gt;=18&#8221;), levels = c(&#8220;&lt;18&#8221;, &#8220;&gt;=18&#8221;))<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[]\u6216\u53cc\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[[]]\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u56e0\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u56e0\u5b50sex\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c1\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>sex<a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3cschool.cn\/r\/r_switch_statement.html\">1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"r%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%AF%BC%E5%85%A5%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE\">R\u5982\u4f55\u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528read.table()\u51fd\u6570\u3002read.table()\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5e26\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6846\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u4ece\u540d\u4e3adata.csv\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>mydataframe &lt;- read.table(&#8220;data.csv&#8221;, header = TRUE, sep = &#8220;,&#8221;) \u5176\u4e2d\uff0cheader = TRUE\u8868\u793a\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u5305\u542b\u5217\u540d\uff0csep = &#8220;,&#8221;\u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u3002\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528read.csv()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6.csv\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u662fread.table()\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u4f8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u4ece\u540d\u4e3adata.csv\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>mydataframe &lt;- read.csv(&#8220;data.csv&#8221;)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E5%9C%A8r%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E4%B8%AD%E5%AF%BC%E5%87%BA%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE\">\u5982\u4f55\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u5bfc\u51fa\u6570\u636e\uff1f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bfc\u51fa\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528write.table()\u51fd\u6570\u3002write.table()\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6846\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u5230\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5c06\u540d\u4e3adata.csv\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3a\u9017\u53f7\u5206\u9694\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>write.table(mydataframe, file = &#8220;data.csv&#8221;, sep = &#8220;,&#8221;, row.names = FALSE) \u5176\u4e2d\uff0cfile = &#8220;data.csv&#8221;\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5199\u5165\u5230\u540d\u4e3adata.csv\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0csep = &#8220;,&#8221;\u8868\u793a\u4f7f\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff0crow.names = FALSE\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u884c\u540d\u3002\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528write.csv()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6846\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3a.csv\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u662fwrite.table()\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u4f8b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u5c06\u540d\u4e3adata.csv\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3a.csv\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>write.csv(mydataframe, file = &#8220;data.csv&#8221;, row.names = FALSE)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"r%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%9B%BE%E5%BD%A2%E7%BB%98%E5%88%B6\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u56fe\u5f62\u7ed8\u5236<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u7ed8\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5305\u62ecplot()\u3001hist()\u3001boxplot()\u3001barplot()\u3001pie()\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u7ed8\u5236\u5404\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\uff0c\u5982\u6563\u70b9\u56fe\u3001\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe\u3001\u7bb1\u5f62\u56fe\u3001\u6761\u5f62\u56fe\u548c\u997c\u56fe\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u7ed8\u5236\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u7ed8\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6563\u70b9\u56fe\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>x &lt;- c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5) y &lt;- c(2, 4, 6, 8, 10) plot(x, y) plot()\u51fd\u6570\u662fR\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7ed8\u56fe\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u7ed8\u5236\u6563\u70b9\u56fe\u548c\u6298\u7ebf\u56fe\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5305\u62ecx\u3001y\u3001type\u3001xlim\u3001ylim\u3001log\u3001main\u3001sub\u3001xlab\u3001ylab\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cx\u548cy\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u6a2a\u5750\u6807\u548c\u7eb5\u5750\u6807\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002type\u53c2\u6570\u63a7\u5236\u8981\u7ed8\u5236\u7684\u56fe\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u5728\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e26\u6709\u7ebf\u7684\u56fe\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528type =\u201c l\u201d\uff1b\u8981\u4ec5\u7ed8\u5236\u70b9\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528type =\u201c p\u201d\uff1b\u5e76\u7ed8\u5236\u7ebf\u6761\u548c\u70b9\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528type =\u201c b\u201d\uff1a1 \u8fd9\u5c06\u7ed8\u5236\u4e00\u4e2a\u75315\u4e2a\u70b9\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6563\u70b9\u56fe\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dx\u8f74\u8868\u793ax\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\uff0cy\u8f74\u8868\u793ay\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u503c\u3002 \u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u56fe\u5f62\u7ed8\u5236\u53c2\u6570\u5305\u62ec\u7b26\u53f7\u3001\u7ebf\u6761\u3001\u989c\u8272\u3001\u6587\u672c\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u56fe\u5f62\u5c3a\u5bf8\u53ca\u8fb9\u754c\u7b49\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528par()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>par(pch = 19, col = &#8220;red&#8221;) \u8fd9\u5c06\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a19\uff0c\u989c\u8272\u4e3a\u7ea2\u8272\u3002\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7ebf\u6761\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u989c\u8272\u548c\u5bbd\u5ea6\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5b57\u4f53\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u989c\u8272\uff0c\u56fe\u5f62\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u548c\u8fb9\u754c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E6%8F%8F%E8%BF%B0%E6%80%A7%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1\">\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7edf\u8ba1<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7edf\u8ba1\u3001\u9891\u7387\u548c\u5217\u8054\u8868\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u548c\u534f\u65b9\u5dee\u3001t\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u975e\u53c2\u6570\u7edf\u8ba1\u3002\u4f60\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u7528R\u5bfc\u5165\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u5404\u79cd\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u6210\u4e3a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e86\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u6570\u636e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u4f60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u597d\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5148\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u6bcf\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u63a2\u7d22\u9009\u5b9a\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e24\u4e24\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u73b0\u5728\u6c7d\u8f66\u7684\u6cb9\u8017\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff1f\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u5bf9\u6c7d\u8f66\u54c1\u724c\u548c\u578b\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u67e5\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u52a0\u4ed1\u82f1\u91cc\u6570\uff08\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u3001\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u3001\u8303\u56f4\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u65b0\u836f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u540e\uff0c\u836f\u7269\u7ec4\u548c\u5b89\u6170\u5242\u7ec4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u65e0\u6539\u5584\u3001\u6709\u4e9b\u6539\u5584\u3001\u660e\u663e\u6539\u5584\uff09\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u7684\u6027\u522b\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u7ed3\u679c\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\uff1f \u6536\u5165\u548c\u9884\u671f\u5bff\u547d\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff1f\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u663e\u8457\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u96f6\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u533a\u72af\u7f6a\u662f\u5426\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u53d7\u5230\u76d1\u7981\uff1f\u5730\u533a\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7528R\u8fdb\u884c\u57fa\u672c\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u548c\u63a8\u65ad\u6027\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u770b\u770b\u5b9a\u91cf\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u5c3a\u5ea6\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u5206\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u9891\u7387\u548c\u5217\u8054\u8868\uff08\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5361\u65b9\u68c0\u9a8c\uff09\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7814\u7a76\u8fde\u7eed\u548c\u6709\u5e8f\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u6570\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u901a\u8fc7\u53c2\u6570\uff08t\u68c0\u9a8c\uff09\u548c\u975e\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u66fc-\u60e0\u7279\u5c3cU\u68c0\u9a8c\uff0c\u514b\u9c81\u65af\u5361\u5c14-\u6c83\u5229\u65af\u68c0\u9a8c\uff09\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u7ec4\u95f4\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u662f\u6570\u5b57\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u672c\u7ae0\u6db5\u76d6\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u4e00\u5e74\u7ea7\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u8bfe\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6559\u6388\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4f60\u6765\u8bf4\u4e0d\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u4e24\u672c\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u4e66\u662fMcCall (2000) \u548c Kirk (2008)\u3002\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u90fd\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u5728\u7ebf\u8d44\u6e90\uff08\u5982\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\uff09\u3002 7.1 \u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7edf\u8ba1 \u5728\u672c\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u770b\u770b\u8fde\u7eed\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8d8b\u52bf\u3001\u53d8\u5f02\u6027\u548c\u5206\u5e03\u5f62\u72b6\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bf4\u660e\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u4e2d\u4f60\u89c1\u8fc7\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u8d8b\u52bf\u6742\u5fd7\u6c7d\u8f66\u8def\u6d4b\uff08mtcars\uff09\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u6ce8\u6bcf\u52a0\u4ed1\u82f1\u91cc\u6570\uff08mpg\uff09\u3001\u9a6c\u529b\uff08hp\uff09\u548c\u91cd\u91cf(wt):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>myvars &lt;-c('mpg','hp','wt') \nhead(mtcars&#91;myvars])<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u770b\u770b\u6240\u670932\u8f86\u8f66\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7edf\u8ba1\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c \u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6309\u4f20\u52a8\u7c7b\u578b\u67e5\u770b\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7edf\u8ba1 R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u8ba1\u7b97\u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86mtcars\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u53d8\u901f\u7bb1\u7c7b\u578b\uff08am\uff09\u548c\u53d1\u52a8\u673a\u7f38\u914d\u7f6e\uff08vs\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528summary()\u51fd\u6570\u548csapply()\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u3001\u6700\u5927\u503c\u3001\u56db\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u3001\u5747\u503c\u7b49\u7edf\u8ba1\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6570\u503c\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u56e0\u5b50\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>myvars &lt;-c(\"mpg\",\"hp\",\"wt\") \nsummary(mtcars&#91;myvars])<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5173\u4e8eR\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684apply()\u51fd\u6570\u548csapply()\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002apply()\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u3001\u77e9\u9635\u6216\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff08\u884c\u6216\u5217\uff09\u5e94\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u6216\u5217\u8868\u3002sapply()\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u5e94\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u6216\u77e9\u9635\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528R\u4e2d\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u6216\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982mean(), sd(), var(), min(), max(), median(), length(), range(), quantile()\u7b49\u3002fivenum()\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56deTukey\u7684\u4e94\u6570\u6982\u62ec\uff08\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u3001\u4e0b\u56db\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u3001\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570\u3001\u4e0a\u56db\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u548c\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff09\u3002123 sapply(x, FUN, options)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>mystats &lt;-function(x, na.omit=FALSE){if(na.omit) \n        x &lt;- x&#91;!is.na(x)] \n        m &lt;- mean(x) \n        n &lt;-length(x) \n        s &lt;- sd(x) \n        skew &lt;-sum((x-m)^3\/s^3)\/n \n        kurt &lt;-sum((x-m)^4\/s^4)\/n -3return(c(n=n, mean=m, stdev=s, skew=skew, kurtosis=kurt))} \nmyvars &lt;-c(\"mpg\",\"hp\",\"wt\") \nsapply(mtcars&#91;myvars], mystats)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5047\u5982\u8981\u53bb\u6389\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\uff0c\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u5199\u6210\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sapply(mtcars&#91;myvars], mystats, na.omit =TRUE)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E6%8F%8F%E8%BF%B0%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E4%B9%9F%E5%8F%AF%E4%BB%A5%E8%BF%99%E6%A0%B7%E6%9D%A5%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97\">\u63cf\u8ff0\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>library(Hmisc) \nmyvars &lt;-c(\"mpg\",\"hp\",\"wt\") \ndescribe(mtcars&#91;myvars])<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E6%8E%A8%E6%96%AD\">\u7edf\u8ba1\u63a8\u65ad<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7edf\u8ba1\u63a8\u65ad\u662f\u6307\u6839\u636e\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u53bb\u63a8\u65ad\u603b\u4f53\u6570\u91cf\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u65b9\u6cd51\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5bf9\u7edf\u8ba1\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u672a\u77e5\u6570\u91cf\u7279\u5f81\u505a\u51fa\u4ee5\u6982\u7387\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u8ff0\u7684\u63a8\u65ad1\u3002\u7edf\u8ba1\u63a8\u65ad\u662f\u5728\u6982\u7387\u8bba\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u4f9d\u636e\u6837\u672c\u7684\u6709\u5173\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5bf9\u672a\u77e5\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u7279\u6027\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u505a\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u548c\u4f30\u8ba12\u3002 \u7edf\u8ba1\u63a8\u65ad\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u662f\u6307\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5206\u6790\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u505a\u51fa\u51b3\u7b561\u3002\u800c\u7edf\u8ba1\u63a8\u65ad\u662f\u6307\u6839\u636e\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u63a8\u65ad\u603b\u4f53\u6570\u91cf\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u53c2\u6570\u4f30\u8ba1\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u5047\u8bbe\u68c0\u9a8c\u95ee\u98982\u3002 \u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u7edf\u8ba1\u63a8\u65ad\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd51\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E9%85%8D%E5%AF%B9%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1t%E6%A3%80%E9%AA%8C\">\u914d\u5bf9\u8bbe\u8ba1t\u68c0\u9a8c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u5728 R \u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u914d\u5bf9\u6837\u672c t \u68c0\u9a8c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 t.test\uff08\uff09 \u51fd\u657012\u3002 \u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u5411\u91cf\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a t \u68c0\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u68c0\u9a8c\u7edf\u8ba1\u91cf\u3001\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u3001p \u503c\u548c\u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f41\u3002 \u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 t.test\uff08\uff09 \u51fd\u6570\u5728 R \u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u914d\u5bf9\u6837\u672c t \u68c0\u9a8c\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u5411\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>x &lt;-c(1\uff0c 2\uff0c 3\uff0c 4\uff0c 5)\ny &lt;-c(2\uff0c 4\uff0c 6\uff0c 8\uff0c 10)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u914d\u5bf9\u6837\u672c t \u68c0\u9a8c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>t.test\uff08x\uff0c y\uff0c paired =TRUE\uff09 \n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a \u914d\u5bf9 t \u68c0\u9a8c<br>\u6570\u636e\uff1ax \u548c y<br>t = -5.7446\uff0cdf = 4\uff0cp \u503c = 0.005165<br>\u5907\u62e9\u5047\u8bbe\uff1a\u5747\u503c\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u5dee\u503c\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e 0<br>95% \u7f6e\u4fe1\u533a\u95f4\uff1a<br>-3.635609 -1.164391<br>\u6837\u672c\u4f30\u8ba1\uff1a<br>\u5dee\u503c\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c -2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E6%A0%B7%E6%9C%AC%E5%9D%87%E6%95%B0%E5%92%8C%E6%80%BB%E4%BD%93%E5%9D%87%E6%95%B0t%E6%A3%80%E9%AA%8C\">\u6837\u672c\u5747\u6570\u548c\u603b\u4f53\u5747\u6570t\u68c0\u9a8c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u603b\u4f53\u5747\u6570t\u68c0\u9a8c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5047\u8bbe\u68c0\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u6837\u672c\u542b\u91cf\u8f83\u5c0f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982n&lt;30\uff09\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u03c3\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u6b63\u6001\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u7528\u6765\u6bd4\u8f83\u6837\u672c\u5747\u6570\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u672a\u77e5\u603b\u4f53\u5747\u6570\u03bc\u548c\u5df2\u77e5\u603b\u4f53\u5747\u6570\u03bc01\u3002 \u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u5747\u6570\u548c\u603b\u4f53\u5747\u6570t\u68c0\u9a8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528t.test()\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u6837\u672c\u5747\u6570\u548c\u603b\u4f53\u5747\u6570t\u68c0\u9a8c\uff1a t.test(a,mu=0) \u5176\u4e2da\u662f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cmu\u662f\u603b\u4f53\u5747\u65701\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E4%B8%A4%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E6%A0%B7%E6%9C%ACt%E6%A3%80%E9%AA%8C\">\u4e24\uff08\u72ec\u7acb\uff09\u6837\u672ct\u68c0\u9a8c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u72ec\u7acb\u6837\u672ct\u68c0\u9a8c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7ec4\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u65b9\u6cd51\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e86100\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4f53\u91cd\uff1a50\u540d\u5973\u6027\uff08A\u7ec4\uff09\u548c50\u540d\u7537\u6027\uff08B\u7ec4\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u5973\u6027\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u4f53\u91cd\uff08mA\uff09\u4e0e\u7537\u6027\uff08mB\uff09\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e24\u7ec4\u4e0d\u76f8\u4ea4\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f7f\u7528\u72ec\u7acb\u6837\u672ct\u68c0\u9a8c<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/126351774\">1<\/a>\u3002 \u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u72ec\u7acb\u6837\u672ct\u68c0\u9a8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528t.test()\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6a\u548cb\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u72ec\u7acb\u6837\u672ct\u68c0\u9a8c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>t.test(a,b) \u5176\u4e2da\u548cb\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>t.test(a,b,var.equal=TRUE,conf.level=0.95) \u5176\u4e2dvar.equal\u8868\u793a\u65b9\u5dee\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u7b49\uff0cconf.level\u8868\u793a\u7f6e\u4fe1\u5ea6\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"r%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%BB%84%E9%97%B4%E5%B7%AE%E5%BC%82%E7%9A%84%E9%9D%9E%E5%8F%82%E6%95%B0%E6%A3%80%E9%AA%8C\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u7ec4\u95f4\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u975e\u53c2\u6570\u68c0\u9a8c<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ec4\u95f4\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u975e\u53c2\u6570\u68c0\u9a8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528kruskal.test()\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec4\u95f4\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u975e\u53c2\u6570\u68c0\u9a8c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>kruskal.test(a~b) \u5176\u4e2da\u662f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cb\u662f\u5206\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cda.cn\/view\/21522.html\">1: CDA\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u5b98\u7f51<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/127353541\">2<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E5%8D%95%E5%9B%A0%E7%B4%A0%E6%96%B9%E5%B7%AE%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90\">\u5355\u56e0\u7d20\u65b9\u5dee\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u5355\u56e0\u7d20\u65b9\u5dee\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528aov()\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u5355\u56e0\u7d20\u65b9\u5dee\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>fit &lt;- aov(a~b, data = data) summary(fit) \u5176\u4e2da\u662f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cb\u662f\u5206\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.math.pku.edu.cn\/teachers\/lidf\/docs\/Rbook\/html\/_Rbook\/stat-aov.html\">1: R\u8bed\u8a00\u6559\u7a0b<\/a>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/38191424\">2: \u77e5\u4e4e<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"r%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%8F%8C%E5%9B%A0%E7%B4%A0%E6%96%B9%E5%B7%AE%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u53cc\u56e0\u7d20\u65b9\u5dee\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u53cc\u56e0\u7d20\u65b9\u5dee\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528aov()\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u53cc\u56e0\u7d20\u65b9\u5dee\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>fit &lt;- aov(a~b*c, data = data) summary(fit) \u5176\u4e2da\u662f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cb\u548cc\u662f\u5206\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf1\u3002&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/weixin_39687621\/article\/details\/111390074\">1: CSDN<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"r%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E9%87%8D%E5%A4%8D%E6%B5%8B%E9%87%8F%E6%96%B9%E5%B7%AE%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u91cd\u590d\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u5dee\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u91cd\u590d\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u5dee\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528ezANOVA\u5305\u8fdb\u884c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/60204351\">\u91cd\u590d\u6d4b\u91cf\u65b9\u5dee\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>library(ez) fit &lt;- ezANOVA(data = a, dv = .(b), wid = .(c), within = .(d), between = .(e), type = 3) summary(fit) \u5176\u4e2da\u662f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cb\u662f\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cc\u662f\u88ab\u8bd5\u7f16\u53f7\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cd\u548ce\u662f\u5206\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>library(readxl)<em># \u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/em>\ndata &lt;- read_excel(file.choose())\n\ndata$Subject &lt;- as.factor(data$Subject)\ndata$Familiarity &lt;- as.factor(data$Familiarity)\ndata$Density &lt;- as.factor(data$Density)\nattach(data)<em># \u5c06\u6570\u636e\u6846\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff08\u5217\uff09\u76f4\u63a5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230R\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u52a0\u4e0a$ <\/em>\nstr(data)\nhead(data)\nlibrary(ez)<em># \u52a0\u8f7d\u5305<\/em>\nmodel &lt;- ezANOVA(data, dv = Score, wid = Subject, within = .(Familiarity, Density), type =3, detailed =T)\nmodel\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5730\u5740\uff1a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/link.zhihu.com\/?target=https%3A\/\/pan.baidu.com\/s\/1qsrLNi1mpHBIXa7kM3Sd5A\">reading.xlsx<\/a>&nbsp;\u63d0\u53d6\u7801\uff1a854g<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E5%9B%9E%E5%BD%92%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90\">\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"r%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%9B%9E%E5%BD%92%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528lm()\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/340724770\">\u7b80\u5355\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>fit &lt;- lm(b ~ c, data = a) summary(fit) \u5176\u4e2da\u662f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cb\u662f\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cc\u662f\u81ea\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u79f01<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"r%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%83%E5%9B%9E%E5%BD%92%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u591a\u5143\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u591a\u5143\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528lm()\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/weixin_41030360\/article\/details\/80891738\">\u591a\u5143\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>fit &lt;- lm(b ~ c + d, data = a) summary(fit) \u5176\u4e2da\u662f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cb\u662f\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cc\u548cd\u662f\u81ea\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u79f01\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"r%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80logistic%E5%9B%9E%E5%BD%92%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90\">R\u8bed\u8a00logistic\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0clogistic\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528glm()\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c<a href=\"https:\/\/cloud.tencent.com\/developer\/article\/1553582\">logistic\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>fit &lt;- glm(b ~ c + d, data = a, family = binomial(link = &#8220;logit&#8221;)) summary(fit) \u5176\u4e2da\u662f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cb\u662f\u56e0\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0cc\u548cd\u662f\u81ea\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u540d\u79f01\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"r%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E4%B8%BB%E6%88%90%E5%88%86%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%A0%E5%AD%90%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u548c\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u548c\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790 \u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u5206\u6790\uff0cPCA\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u7528\u4e00\u7ec4\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u53d8\u91cf\u4ee3\u66ff\u5927\u91cf\u76f8\u5173\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4fdd\u7559\u521d\u59cb\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a8\u5bfc\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u89c2\u6d4b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u7ec4\u5408\u3002&nbsp;PC_1 = \\alpha_1X_1+\\alpha_2X_2+\\alpha_3X_3+&#8230;+\\alpha_nX_n<em>P<\/em><em>C<\/em>1\u200b=<em>\u03b1<\/em>1\u200b<em>X<\/em>1\u200b+<em>\u03b1<\/em>2\u200b<em>X<\/em>2\u200b+<em>\u03b1<\/em>3\u200b<em>X<\/em>3\u200b+&#8230;+<em>\u03b1<\/em><em>n<\/em>\u200b<em>X<\/em><em>n<\/em>\u200b&nbsp;\u63a2\u7d22\u6027\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790 \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5bfb\u6c42\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u89c2\u6d4b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u9690\u542b\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790\u3002 EFA\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u6398\u9690\u85cf\u5728\u6570\u636e\u4e0b\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u65e0\u6cd5\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u7ec4\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u865a\u62df\u7684\u3001\u65e0\u6cd5\u89c2\u6d4b\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u79f0\u4f5c\u56e0\u5b50\u3002\uff08\u6bcf\u4e2a\u56e0\u5b50\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u591a\u4e2a\u89c2\u6d4b\u53d8\u91cf\u95f4\u5171\u6709\u7684\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u51c6\u786e\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u79f0\u4f5c\u516c\u5171\u56e0\u5b50\u3002\uff09&nbsp;X_i = \\alpha_1F_1+ \\alpha_2F_2+ \\alpha_3F_3+&#8230;+ \\alpha_nF_n<em>X<\/em><em>i<\/em>\u200b=<em>\u03b1<\/em>1\u200b<em>F<\/em>1\u200b+<em>\u03b1<\/em>2\u200b<em>F<\/em>2\u200b+<em>\u03b1<\/em>3\u200b<em>F<\/em>3\u200b+&#8230;+<em>\u03b1<\/em><em>n<\/em>\u200b<em>F<\/em><em>n<\/em>\u200b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u662f\u7b2ci\u4e2a\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u53d8\u91cf\uff08i = 1\u2026k\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u516c\u5171\u56e0\u5b50\uff08j = 1\u2026p\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14p&lt;k\u3002\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u72ec\u6709\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u516c\u5171\u56e0\u5b50\u89e3\u91ca\uff09\u3002\u53ef\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u56e0\u5b50\u5bf9\u590d\u5408\u800c\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u89c2\u6d4b\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u548c\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528prcomp()\u548cfactanal()\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u4e3b\u6210\u5206\u548c\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>fit &lt;- prcomp(a) summary(fit)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>fit &lt;- factanal(a, factors = 3) print(fit, digits = 2, cutoff = 0.6, sort = TRUE) \u5176\u4e2da\u662f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jianshu.com\/p\/f8bf630fa58b\">1: \u7b80\u4e66<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"r%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E8%81%9A%E7%B1%BB%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95\">R\u8bed\u8a00\u805a\u7c7b\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6309\u7167\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u5ea6\u91cf\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u628a\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e2a\u4f53\u805a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u5ea6\u91cf\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u805a\u7c7b\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8981\u662f\u6309\u7167\u805a\u7c7b\u601d\u60f3\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u51e0\u5927\u7c7b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u7c7b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u5272\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982k-means\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8def\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7b80\u5355\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u805a\u7c7b\uff0c\u5982k-median\u7b49\u3002\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5927\u7c7b\u5462\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5c42\u6b21\u805a\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b83\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u628a\u4e2a\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u5c55\u793a\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u805a\u4e3a\u51e0\u7c7b\uff0c\u7531\u4eba\u4e3a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbe\u5b9a\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u5927\u7c7b\u5462\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u8981\u8bb2\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6982\u7387\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\u76f8\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\uff0c\u800cDBSCAN\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u5bc6\u5ea6\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u6307\u5c40\u90e8\u5bc6\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6982\u7387\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u7b2c\u56db\u5927\u7c7b\u5462\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6982\u7387\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u805a\u7c7b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7c7b\u805a\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5047\u8bbe\u6570\u636e\u6765\u81ea\u67d0\u4e2a\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u67d0\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u4f30\u8ba1\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u6837\u5b50\uff0c\u518d\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u770b\u770b\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u70b9\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e00\u7c7b\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u7b2c\u4e94\u5927\u7c7b\u5462\uff0c\u662f\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u5206\u89e3\uff08Nonnegative Matrix Factorizations \uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5927\u7c7b\u5176\u5b9e\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u51e0\u7c7b\u660e\u663e\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982SVD\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5206\u89e3\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u6587\u672c\u6316\u6398\u6216\u8005\u63a8\u8350\u7b97\u6cd5\u91cc\u8fb9\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u805a\u7c7b\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5927\u7c7b\u5c31\u662f\u8c31\u805a\u7c7b\u4e86\u3002 \u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u805a\u7c7b\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528kmeans()\u548chclust()\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c<a href=\"https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/hfutxiaoguozhi\/article\/details\/78828047\">\u805a\u7c7b\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>fit &lt;- kmeans(a, 3) print(fit)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>fit &lt;- hclust(dist(a)) plot(fit) \u5176\u4e2da\u662f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u540d\u79f01\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E4%B8%AD%E7%BC%BA%E5%A4%B1%E5%80%BC%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95\">\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u4e2d\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728R\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5220\u9664\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u6240\u5728\u7684\u884c\uff0cR\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u79cd\u5220\u9664\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662fcomplete.cases()\u51fd\u6570\u548cna.omit()\u51fd\u6570<a href=\"https:\/\/developer.aliyun.com\/article\/1155271\">1<\/a>\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u63d2\u503c\u6cd5\u3001\u56de\u5f52\u6cd5\u3001\u5747\u503c\u6cd5\u7b49\u7b49<a href=\"https:\/\/zhuanlan.zhihu.com\/p\/353469295\">2<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5220\u9664\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u6240\u5728\u7684\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a &lt;- na.omit(a) \u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5220\u9664\u5305\u542b\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\u7684\u5217\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a &lt;- a[, colSums(is.na(a)) == 0] \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u7528\u5747\u503c\u6765\u586b\u8865\u7f3a\u5931\u503c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a[is.na(a)] &lt;- mean(a, na.rm = TRUE)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>*** \u4e0echatGPT\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ed3\u675f ***<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[TOC] R\u8bed\u8a00\u4ecb\u7ecd *** \u6211\u4e0eBing chatGPT\u5173\u4e8eR\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd * <span class=\"readmore\"><a href=\"http:\/\/g1n29wqq.ipyingshe.net:5347\/?p=3231\">Continue Reading<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3231","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-r"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/g1n29wqq.ipyingshe.net:5347\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3231","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/g1n29wqq.ipyingshe.net:5347\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/g1n29wqq.ipyingshe.net:5347\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/g1n29wqq.ipyingshe.net:5347\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/g1n29wqq.ipyingshe.net:5347\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3231"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/g1n29wqq.ipyingshe.net:5347\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3231\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3232,"href":"http:\/\/g1n29wqq.ipyingshe.net:5347\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3231\/revisions\/3232"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/g1n29wqq.ipyingshe.net:5347\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3231"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/g1n29wqq.ipyingshe.net:5347\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3231"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/g1n29wqq.ipyingshe.net:5347\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3231"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}